{"id":3679,"date":"2026-09-26T19:48:46","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T17:48:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/barcelonaenjoy.com\/catalan-language-guide-barcelona-visitors\/"},"modified":"2026-09-26T21:58:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T19:58:03","slug":"guide-de-la-langue-catalane-pour-les-visiteurs-de-barcelone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/barcelonaenjoy.com\/fr\/catalan-language-guide-barcelona-visitors\/","title":{"rendered":"Bon dia, Barcelona : <\/span>Petit guide du catalan pour les visiteurs"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ce n\u2019est pas un dialecte de l\u2019espagnol. Il n\u2019est pas parl\u00e9 que dans la Catalogne. Et vous n\u2019avez certainement pas besoin d\u2019en apprendre davantage avant de visiter Barcelone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais savoir quelques mots pourrait changer la fa\u00e7on dont vous vivez la ville.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vous arrivez \u00e0 l'a\u00e9roport et suivez les indications indiqu\u00e9es. Sortie. <\/em>Vous marcherez jusqu'\u00e0 un carre. <\/em>Quelqu'un tient la porte et vous entendez Merci. <\/em>Dans un caf\u00e9, la personne \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de vous commande avec un Bon jour <\/em>et les feuilles avec un Au revoir. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bienvenue \u00e0 Barcelone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vous entendez du catalan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Un
Carrer <\/em>\u00ab simply \u00bb signifie simplement \u00ab rue \u00bb. Photo : Judesba, Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Alors, qu\u2019est-ce que le catalan exactement ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Le catalan est une langue romane, issue du latin tout comme l\u2019espagnol, le fran\u00e7ais, l\u2019italien et le portugais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cela signifie que le catalan et l\u2019espagnol sont des langues proches. L\u2019un n\u2019est pas d\u00e9riv\u00e9 de l\u2019autre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si vous parlez un peu d\u2019espagnol et de fran\u00e7ais, vous pourriez parfois vous retrouver \u00e0 lire une phrase en catalan et \u00e0 penser que vous la comprenez presque.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prenez le mot pour \u201c nuit \u201d :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Catalan : nit<\/em>
Espagnol : nuit<\/em>
Le gouvernement fran\u00e7ais a annonc\u00e9 que le gouvernement am\u00e9ricain avait accept\u00e9 de fournir des fonds suppl\u00e9mentaires pour le projet de construction d'un pont entre la France et l'Espagne. nuit<\/em>
Italien nuit<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les langues ne se situent rarement dans des limites strictes, et le catalan en est un bon exemple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le catalan va bien au-del\u00e0 de la Catalogne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En partant vers le sud de Barcelone, les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s linguistiques \u00e9troitement li\u00e9es \u00e0 cette langue se retrouvent dans la Communaut\u00e9 Valencienne, o\u00f9 elles sont officiellement appel\u00e9es valenciennes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dirigez-vous vers l\u2019est \u00e0 travers la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et vous entendrez cela dans les \u00eeles Bal\u00e9ares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aller vers le nord en direction d\u2019Andorre, et le catalan est la langue officielle du pays \u2014 en fait, Andorre est le seul \u00c9tat ind\u00e9pendant o\u00f9 le catalan est la seule langue officielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En franchissant la fronti\u00e8re fran\u00e7aise, le Catalan a une pr\u00e9sence historique dans ce qui est souvent appel\u00e9 la Catalogne du Nord.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et puis il y a peut-\u00eatre la plus inattendue d\u2019entre elles : Alghero, sur l\u2019\u00eele italienne de Sardaigne, o\u00f9 se cultive une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 locale historique de Catalan., Alguer\u00e8s, <\/em>Il a surv\u00e9cu pendant des si\u00e8cles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une langue que vous avez d\u2019abord remarqu\u00e9e dans le m\u00e9tro de Barcelone vous emm\u00e8ne soudainement \u00e0 travers la partie occidentale de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pourquoi le catalan importe-t-il autant ici ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est l\u00e0 que le dictionnaire de phrases aurait besoin d\u2019une petite histoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le catalan poss\u00e8de une tradition litt\u00e9raire qui remonte \u00e0 des si\u00e8cles, mais son usage public a \u00e9galement connu des p\u00e9riodes de r\u00e9pression et de restriction. Plus r\u00e9cemment, sous la dictature de Francisco Franco, l\u2019espagnol a \u00e9t\u00e9 impos\u00e9 comme langue des institutions publiques et de l\u2019enseignement, tandis que le catalan a \u00e9t\u00e9 marginalis\u00e9 dans de nombreux domaines de la vie publique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suite \u00e0 la transition de l\u2019Espagne vers la d\u00e9mocratie, le catalan est revenu dans les \u00e9coles, les institutions et la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision publique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, le catalan, l\u2019espagnol et l\u2019occitan \u2013 connus sous le nom d\u2019arabe en la Val d\u2019Aran, o\u00f9 ils sont parl\u00e9s \u2013 sont tous officiels en Catalogne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vous entendrez le catalan et l\u2019espagnol tous les jours \u00e0 Barcelone, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des nombreux autres langues parl\u00e9es par les personnes qui ont fait de cette ville leur foyer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et la langue n\u2019est pas seulement une question de communication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour beaucoup de gens, le catalan est aussi la famille, la litt\u00e9rature, l\u2019humour, la musique, la m\u00e9moire et l\u2019identit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"March\u00e9
Un kiosque de Sant Jordi le 23 avril : roses, dragons et panneaux sign\u00e9s \u00e0 la main en catalan. Photo : Francis Lenn, Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vous n\u2019avez pas besoin de parler la langue pour comprendre Barcelone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais comprendre pourquoi c'est important aide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dix mots en catalan que vous utiliserez r\u00e9ellement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Oubliez de vous souvenir d'une centaine de phrases. Commencez ici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bon apr\u00e8s-midi <\/strong>\u2014 Bonjour\u2026 et bonne apr\u00e8s-midi
Traditionnellement, les Catalans disent Bon jour <\/em>tant qu\u2019il fait jour, il fonctionne de l\u2019aube jusqu\u2019au coucher du soleil. Vous entendrez \u00e9galement Bon apr\u00e8s-midi <\/em>apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9jeuner, une habitude plus r\u00e9cente que certains linguistes consid\u00e8rent comme emprunt\u00e9e au espagnol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bonne nuit <\/strong>\u2014 Bonne soir\u00e9e \/ Bonne nuit
Une fois l\u2019obscurit\u00e9 tomb\u00e9e, pour dire bonjour et pour dire adieu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Merci <\/strong>\u2014 Merci
Vous allez utiliser celui-ci constamment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si vous voulez <\/strong>\u2014 Veuillez
L\u2019associez avec merci <\/em>et vous allez d\u00e9j\u00e0 tr\u00e8s bien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adieu <\/strong>\u2014 Au revoir
On l\u2019entend partout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carrer <\/strong>\u2014 Street.
Les discours de Barcelone prennent soudainement un sens plus clair. Carrer de Mallorca <\/em>\u00ab simplement \u00bb signifie \u00ab rue de Majorque \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pla\u00e7a <\/strong>\u2014 Square (comme sur une place de ville)
Comme dans Place de Catalogne <\/em>ou Pla\u00e7a d\u2019Espanya. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sortie <\/strong>\u2014 Sortir
Une expression extr\u00eamement utile lorsque vous vous trouvez dans une station de m\u00e9tro et que vous vous demandez o\u00f9 sont pass\u00e9s tous les passagers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pain avec tomate <\/strong>\u2014 Pain au jambon
Le pain est fendu de tomate et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement assaisonn\u00e9 d\u2019huile d\u2019olive et de sel. Quatre mots \u00e0 conna\u00eetre pour des raisons qui n\u2019ont rien \u00e0 voir avec la linguistique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Des
Pain avec tomate. <\/em>Photo : Jennifer Woodard Maderazo, Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Salut ! <\/strong>\u2014 Vive la France ! \/ \u00c0 votre sant\u00e9 !
Les connaissances utiles ont tendance \u00e0 se solidifier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et puis il y a Dieu n\u2019y est pas<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Plus t\u00f4t ou plus tard, vous entendrez cette phrase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dieu n\u2019y est pour rien.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traduction litt\u00e9rale ne vous m\u00e8nera pas tr\u00e8s loin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selon le contexte et l\u2019intonation, cela peut signifier quelque chose comme :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wow.
C\u2019est vraiment quelque chose.
Pas mal du tout.
Bon sang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est l\u2019un de ces expressions qui vous rappellent que les langues ne sont pas des ensembles de mots interchangeables. Parfois, une culture d\u00e9veloppe pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment l\u2019expression dont elle a besoin et tout le monde doit simplement s\u2019y adapter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dieu n\u2019y est pour rien.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doit-on parler catalan \u00e0 Barcelone ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Non.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barcelone est une ville internationale, et les visiteurs peuvent y naviguer sans parler catalan. L\u2019espagnol est largement parl\u00e9, et l\u2019anglais est courant dans une grande partie du secteur touristique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Personne ne s'attend \u00e0 ce qu'une personne qui passe quelques jours ici parle la langue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais il y a une diff\u00e9rence entre avoir besoin d\u2019une langue et d\u2019\u00eatre curieux \u00e0 son sujet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Essayez de vous pr\u00e9senter dans une boulangerie avec :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bon jour.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ou en finissant une interaction avec :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Merci. Au revoir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est un petit geste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais le voyage prend de l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat lorsque la ville cesse d\u2019\u00eatre un simple d\u00e9cor et devient un lieu que l\u2019on cherche \u00e0 comprendre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et parfois, cela commence avec seulement deux mots.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bon jour, Barcelone.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ce n\u2019est pas un dialecte de l\u2019espagnol, il n\u2019est pas parl\u00e9 que dans la Catalogne, et vous n\u2019avez pas besoin de le conna\u00eetre avant de venir visiter. Mais quelques mots de catalan pourraient changer la fa\u00e7on dont vous vivez Barcelone.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":228846753,"featured_media":3676,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[112173648],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"yoast_head":"\nBon dia, Barcelona: A Visitor\u2019s Guide to Catalan | BCN Enjoy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/barcelonaenjoy.com\/fr\/guide-de-la-langue-catalane-pour-les-visiteurs-de-barcelone\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bon dia, Barcelona: A Visitor\u2019s Guide to Catalan | BCN Enjoy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"It isn\u2019t a dialect of Spanish, it isn\u2019t spoken only in Catalonia, and you don\u2019t need to learn it before visiting. 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